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cocainismの検索結果　from Pubmed

Walter H

NTM. 2017 Sep

PMID:28721525

Abstract

An empirical investigation refutes the popular conception that excessive drug usage was a widespread social phenomenon in the Weimar Republic. Although physicians warned the public and politicians of a "cocaine wave" that threatened the public health, there is no evidence that indicates a significant increase of cocaine use during the twenties. The decisive cause for this moral panic was caused instead by the disease pattern of "Cocainism". The addiction carried the imprint of an infectious disease and would destroy the body, the will, and the civic life of its victims. According to medical doctrine, chronic cocaine consumption also produced the tendency towards deviant sexual activities and criminal activity. For this reason, the use of this substance was in particular linked to deviant social milieus like the so-called Bohemian or demimonde. However, historical sources in fact show that it was primarily a problem of the medical professions. Against the background of the desperate political, social and economic situation in Germany after the First World War, physicians regarded cocaine and morphine addictions as a threat to the hoped for political and biological renewal of the nation.

Giannini AJ, Sangdahl C

Int J Psychiatry Med. 1985-1986

PMID:4055246

Abstract

Chronic alcoholics have been known to possess increased ability to interpret nonverbal facial cues. This has been hypothesized to account for the high rate of alcohol recidivism. Since cocainism is also associated with a high rate of recidivism, the authors examined nonverbal reception in twenty-five cocaine abusers and in an equal number of matched controls. All subjects were asked to view videotapes of individuals gambling and to determine, solely on the basis of facial cues, the size of the jackpot at risk during a specific trial. The cocaine abusers were found to be more accurate at interpreting nonverbal cues. Possible reasons for this finding are discussed.

Angres DH, Benson WH

Psychiatr Med. 1985

PMID:3870754

Abstract

Presented here is a model for the diagnosis and treatment of cocaine dependence. Intrinsic in the understanding of this model is the use of the disease concept of chemical dependence. Within the construct of this model we regard cocaine dependence or "cocainism" as a disease process and part of the spectrum of the disease of chemical dependence. We note that "pure" cocainism is rare and cocaine is usually just another chemical used in the polyaddicted patient. We call cocaine the "Great Precipitator" as it often brings the polyaddicted chemically-dependent person into a crisis that requires a treatment intervention. Cocainism, with its overwhelming compulsion and destruction, often precipitates a crisis in a matter of months from first use. As psychiatrists practicing addictionology, we understand the need to deal with cocainism as a primary disease process rather than a symptom of an underlying psychiatric illness. We deal with cocainism as we deal with alcoholism. While the DSM-III requires withdrawal and tolerance changes to be an essential feature for dependence, we more easily identify the disease of cocainism by its production of intense psychological addiction. Thereby the diagnosis of the disease of cocainism, as with other drugs (including alcohol) in the spectrum of chemical dependence, is characterized by the persistent, uncontrolled, compulsive use of cocaine. This illogical, irrational compulsion with continued, repeated use of cocaine as it destroys the individual's life, is the primary symptom of this disease. In regards to specific considerations, the psychiatric complications of cocainism, which can include cocaine induced psychosis, can persist beyond the intoxication period. We also note the depression that can accompany abstinence from cocaine and often has a protracted course following initial abstinence as well. We advocate the very cautious use of any psychotropic medications after an alloted period of time since we find that many of these additional symptoms seem to dissipate during the treatment process when involved in our suggested setting. In the cases of where it is determined that additional psychiatric illness co-exist with cocaine and chemical dependence such as in "dual diagnosis" patients, we have had that success by treating both illnesses concomitantly and aggressively. The "contract" with the dual diagnosis patient has afforded excellent results in this instance. The treatment modalities most effective in this model include a treatment team with its multidisciplinary and recovering and non-recovering characteristics, and the use of the group process and peer group therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Lopez JE, Corredoyra H

Rev Asoc Odontol Argent. 1978 Jan-Mar

PMID:294597

Abstract

Nieschulz O

Munch Med Wochenschr. 1969 Oct 31

PMID:5395454

Abstract

Beynon JH

Am J Dent Sci. 1899 Nov

PMID:30750178

Abstract